Macbeth written by William Shakespeare
What is Tragedy?
Tragedy is a genre of Drama which presents a serious matter about human suffering. it narrates the terrible events in a dignified manner.
Tragedy is a Greek origin. the three Greek dramatists are Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides.
According to Aristotle, "Tragedy is the imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and a certain magnitude, in language embellished with kind of artistic ornament, the several kinds being found in separate parts of the play, in the form of action, not for narrative; through pity and fear effecting the proper purgation of these emotions."
Catharsis is the main function of Tragedy .It is to arouse the feelings of pity and fear. element of Tragedy includes universality, tragic hero and spirit of tragedy. Thomas Norton and Thomas Sackville wrote Gorboduc ,The first tragedy of English Literature.
Title Macbeth
Character list
Malcolm
Donalbain
Macbeth A General in the army of king Duncan
Lady Macbeth Macbeth’s wife (as forth witches)
Banquo
Macbeth’s friend and a General in the army of
Fleance Banquo’s son
Macduff
A nobleman of
Lady Macduff Macduff’s wife
Porter Gatekeeper
Three witches
Summary of Macbeth
Macbeth recalls the prophecies of witches about Banquo. Banquo will be the father of kings. Macbeth calls murderers and ask them to kill Banquo and his son Fleance. The murderers kill Banquo but Fleance escapes. When Macbeth is taking dinner, the ghost of Banquo appears. Macbeth meets the witches to know about his fate. The witches tell him that he should fear Macduff. No man born of woman can kill Macbeth. He will never be defeated until the Birnam Wood comes to Dunsinane. The witches also show a line of eight kings of Banquo.
Macduff flees to England Macbeth kills Macduff’s wife and children. Macduff goes to meet Malcolm. Malcolm, first of all, tests Macduff’s allegiance to Scotland. he agrees to fight with the help of the English. Ross gives the news of the murder of Macduff’s wife and children.
Lady Macbeth walks while sleeping. She seems to say that
nothing can clear her hands of
Malcolm and Macduff come to attack. Malcolm asks his men to
put tree branches before them. It gives the impression that the Birnam Wood coming to Dunsinane. Lady Macbeth dies. Macbeth fights. He is not afraid
because he knows that no man born of woman can kill him. He kills young Seward
He meets Macduff who tell him that he is not born of woman. he tells him about
his caesarean birth. Macduff kills Macbeth. He brings the head of Macbeth to
Malcolm. Malcolm becomes the king of
Literary devices used in Macbeth.
Theme
The main theme of Macbeth is Over ambition and -the destruction wrought when ambition goes
unchecked by moral constraints-finds its most powerful expression in the play’s
two characters. Macbeth is brave general of king who is not naturally inclined
to commit evil deeds but his deeply desires power kills
Lady Macbeth, on the other hand, pursues he goals with greater determination .at the end both are meets their tragic end.
Motifs -
motifs can help to develop and inform the text’s major theme.
Hallucination
In the play when Macbeth is about to kill Duncan, he sees a Dagger floating in the air., covered with blood and pointed towards king’s chamber. . The Lady Macbeth sleep walking scene and her belief that her hands are stained with the blood of that cannot be washed away by any amount of water.
Violence
Macbeth is famous for its violence. Macbeth and Banquo wading in blood on the
battlefield. In the first, Macbeth defeats the invaders; in the second, he is
slain and beheaded by Macduff. In between is a series of murder; Duncan,
Prophecy
Prophecy makes Macbeth plot in action –as the witches’ prophecy that Macbeth will be the king. Weird sister make a number of other prophesies; they tell us that Banquo’s heirs will be the kings, that Macbeth should beware Macduff, that Macbeth is safe till Birnam Wood comes to Dunsinane and that no man born of woman can harm Macbeth.
Symbols
Some major symbols are used in the play as—the Weather, sleep.
Fist of all we discuss about symbols of weather-from the thunder and lightning
that accompany the witches’ appearances to the terrible storm that rage on the
night of
In the Second, sleep symbolized the ignorance that many character finds themselves facing throughout the drama.
Some important quotation
THAN HORRIBLE IMAGININGS"
By William Shakespeare
"LIFE’S A BUT A WALKING SHADOW,
A POOR PLAYER, THAT
STRUTS AND FRETS
HIS HOUR UPON THE STAGE, AND THEN IS HEARED
NO MORE. IT IS A
TALE TOLD BY AN IDIOT,
FULL OF SOUND AND FURY, SIGNIFIFING NOTHING."
“THERE IS NO ART
TO FIND THE MIND’S
CONTRUCTION IN THE
FACE.”
“WHAT’S DONE CANNOT BE UNDONE.”
WILL ALL THE GREAT
WASH THIS BLOOD CLEAN FROM MY HAND.”
“FAIR IS FOUL, AND FOUL IS FAIR HOVER
THROUGH THE FOG AND FILTHY AIR.”
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